Boa noite zekkerj, tudo bem?
Antes de mais nada, já quero te agradecer pela atenção! Muito obrigado!
Respondendo à sua pergunta, meu computador tem duas redes ethernet e ambas estão funcionando. Assim como a conexão bluetooth, que imagino ser fornecida pela placa problemática, que também está funcionando perfeitamente.
Formatei novamente o computador com o Ubuntu 22.04, e já está tudo atualizado, vou postar as saídas abaixo.
~$ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir/Cezanne Root Complex
00:00.2 IOMMU: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir/Cezanne IOMMU
00:01.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:01.3 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir/Cezanne PCIe GPP Bridge
00:02.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:02.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir/Cezanne PCIe GPP Bridge
00:02.2 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir/Cezanne PCIe GPP Bridge
00:02.3 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir/Cezanne PCIe GPP Bridge
00:08.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:08.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir Internal PCIe GPP Bridge to Bus
00:14.0 SMBus: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SMBus Controller (rev 51)
00:14.3 ISA bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH LPC Bridge (rev 51)
00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Cezanne Data Fabric; Function 0
00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Cezanne Data Fabric; Function 1
00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Cezanne Data Fabric; Function 2
00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Cezanne Data Fabric; Function 3
00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Cezanne Data Fabric; Function 4
00:18.5 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Cezanne Data Fabric; Function 5
00:18.6 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Cezanne Data Fabric; Function 6
00:18.7 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Cezanne Data Fabric; Function 7
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8125 2.5GbE Controller (rev 05)
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 15)
04:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Silicon Motion, Inc. SM2263EN/SM2263XT SSD Controller (rev 03)
05:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Cezanne (rev c4)
05:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Renoir Radeon High Definition Audio Controller
05:00.2 Encryption controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 10h-1fh) Platform Security Processor
05:00.3 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir/Cezanne USB 3.1
05:00.4 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Renoir/Cezanne USB 3.1
05:00.5 Multimedia controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Raven/Raven2/FireFlight/Renoir Audio Processor (rev 01)
05:00.6 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 10h-1fh) HD Audio Controller
~$ sudo modprobe -rv iwlwifi
remove (/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) && /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211
rmmod: ERROR: missing module name.
modprobe: FATAL: Error running remove command for iwlwifi
~$ sudo modprobe -v iwlwifi
insmod /lib/modules/5.15.0-37-generic/kernel/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko
insmod /lib/modules/5.15.0-37-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/intel/iwlwifi/iwlwifi.ko
~$ sudo dmesg | tail -20
[ 8.836422] audit: type=1400 audit(1655246306.848:52): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mkdir" profile="snap-update-ns.firefox" name="/usr/share/libreoffice/help/" pid=1783 comm="5" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0
[ 8.836878] audit: type=1400 audit(1655246306.848:53): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap-update-ns.firefox" name="/var/lib/" pid=1783 comm="5" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=0 ouid=0
[ 9.570181] audit: type=1326 audit(1655246307.584:54): auid=1000 uid=1000 gid=1000 ses=2 subj=? pid=1764 comm="firefox" exe="/snap/firefox/1232/usr/lib/firefox/firefox" sig=0 arch=c000003e syscall=314 compat=0 ip=0x7fd51365276d code=0x50000
[ 9.776437] audit: type=1400 audit(1655246307.788:55): apparmor="DENIED" operation="capable" profile="/usr/sbin/cups-browsed" pid=1979 comm="cups-browsed" capability=23 capname="sys_nice"
[ 12.121045] audit: type=1326 audit(1655246310.132:56): auid=1000 uid=1000 gid=1000 ses=2 subj=? pid=1764 comm="Renderer" exe="/snap/firefox/1232/usr/lib/firefox/firefox" sig=0 arch=c000003e syscall=312 compat=0 ip=0x7fd51365276d code=0x50000
[ 12.160327] audit: type=1326 audit(1655246310.172:57): auid=1000 uid=1000 gid=1000 ses=2 subj=? pid=1764 comm="firefox" exe="/snap/firefox/1232/usr/lib/firefox/firefox" sig=0 arch=c000003e syscall=312 compat=0 ip=0x7fd51365276d code=0x50000
[ 12.160332] audit: type=1326 audit(1655246310.172:58): auid=1000 uid=1000 gid=1000 ses=2 subj=? pid=1764 comm="firefox" exe="/snap/firefox/1232/usr/lib/firefox/firefox" sig=0 arch=c000003e syscall=312 compat=0 ip=0x7fd51365276d code=0x50000
[ 35.538020] usb 1-2: USB disconnect, device number 2
[ 36.069958] usb 1-2: new high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd
[ 36.227071] usb 1-2: New USB device found, idVendor=2717, idProduct=ff80, bcdDevice= 4.14
[ 36.227077] usb 1-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 36.227079] usb 1-2: Product: ATOLL-AB-IDP _SN:3F36B863
[ 36.227081] usb 1-2: Manufacturer: Xiaomi
[ 36.227082] usb 1-2: SerialNumber: 88b8d478
[ 36.287517] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ether
[ 36.292566] rndis_host 1-2:1.0 usb0: register 'rndis_host' at usb-0000:05:00.3-2, RNDIS device, 4e:e3:be:db:cc:44
[ 36.292587] usbcore: registered new interface driver rndis_host
[ 404.021967] cfg80211: Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates for regulatory database
[ 404.022059] cfg80211: Loaded X.509 cert 'sforshee: 00b28ddf47aef9cea7'
[ 404.029183] Intel(R) Wireless WiFi driver for Linux
Esses comandos já foram rodados em um sistema limpo, nem os aplicativos que uso normalmente foram instalados ainda.
Novamente, meu muito obrigado!