Pra isso poste os comandos que pedi.
Para podermos analisar melhor sua máquina, já que não vemos ela daqui.
A minha webcam também não é reconhecida com os comandos que você passou:
lsusb
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0fce:3137 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB Xperia X10 mini
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 2188:0ae1
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 1690:0757 Askey Computer Corp. [hex]
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 0bda:0138 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTS5138 Card Reader Controller
Bus 002 Device 005: ID 0bda:58d1 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
dmesg | tail
[13055.049240] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[13106.638121] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[13106.641791] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed
[13106.641802] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[13158.226973] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[13158.230321] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed
[13158.230336] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[13209.811580] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[13209.815050] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed
[13209.815060] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through